3. Who took the lead in establishing
aviation as a business and what effect did it have on the rest of the world?
The
nation of France, or “La Belle France,” took the lead in establishing the
aviation industry. This caused the rest of the world to become dependent on
French manufacturers for airplane parts and designs. Not only this, but most
aviators during the early twentieth century were French. It also profoundly
influenced the very vocabulary of aviation, with word such as aileron,
fuselage and helicopter becoming and remaining household names in
flight—even the word “aviation” is of French origin. Pilots of other nations
came to France to be trained to fly. Aviation was thus deeply marked as a
French science and art from the beginning, and France itself as a major world
power due to its aerial prowess. The rest of the world became secondary players
by comparison.
7. What was the cult of the heroic
airman?
The
cult of the heroic airman was an ideological echo of the legendary medieval
knight, a perception of aviation as a higher, finer form of warfare. It was
also a logical continuation of the cult of the heroic racing pilot, which had
thrilled so many spectators before the war. With the significantly smaller
number of planes as compared to infantrymen, also, it was much easier to make a
name for oneself as an “as,” or ace.
10. When does the author mark the
beginning of civil aviation and why?
The
author states that civil aviation began in 1919, with the signing of the
International Convention on Air Navigation at Paris, October 13. According to
this treaty, all nations were free to pursue research and development in
aviation. Furthermore, a Commission for Aerial Navigation was created to
arbiter international use of free airspace. Thus adjudicated, expansions in the
aerospace industry were no longer to be viewed as militarily aggressive,
clearing the way for peaceful expansion.
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